Arduino - Control Pump

In this tutorial, we are going to learn how to control a pump using Arduino. Based on this tutorial, you can make the irrigation system, aquarium, water refilling system ...

Hardware Required

1	×	Arduino UNO or Genuino UNO
1	×	USB 2.0 cable type A/B
1	×	Relay
1	×	12V Pump
1	×	Vinyl Tube
1	×	12V Power Adapter
1	×	DC Power Jack
1	×	Jumper Wires
1	×	(Optional) 9V Power Adapter for Arduino
1	×	(Recommended) Screw Terminal Block Shield for Arduino Uno
1	×	(Optional) Transparent Acrylic Enclosure For Arduino Uno

Or you can buy the following sensor kit:

DIYables Sensor Kit 30 types, 69 units

Please note: These are Amazon affiliate links. If you buy the components through these links, We will get a commission at no extra cost to you. We appreciate it.

About 12V Pump

Pinout

image source: diyables.io

12V Pump usually has two pins:

Negative (-) pin (black): needs to be connected to GND of DC power supply
Positive (+) pin (red): needs to be connected to 12V of DC power supply

How to Control Pump

If 12V pump is powered by 12V power supply, it works. To control a pump, we need to use a relay in between Arduino and pump. Arduino can control the pump via the relay. If you do not know about relay (pinout, how it works, how to program ...), learn about relay in the Arduino - Relay tutorial

Wiring Diagram

This image is created using Fritzing. Click to enlarge image

Arduino Code

The below code repeatedly turns the pump ON in five seconds and OFF in five seconds,

/* * Created by ArduinoGetStarted.com * * This example code is in the public domain * * Tutorial page: https://arduinogetstarted.com/tutorials/arduino-controls-pump */ // constants won't change const int RELAY_PIN = 3; // the Arduino pin, which connects to the IN pin of relay // the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board void setup() { // initialize digital pin D3 as an output. pinMode(RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT); } // the loop function runs over and over again forever void loop() { digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, HIGH); // turn on pump 5 seconds delay(5000); digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, LOW); // turn off pump 5 seconds delay(5000); }

Quick Steps

Connect Arduino to PC via USB cable
Open Arduino IDE, select the right board and port
Copy the above code and open with Arduino IDE
Click Upload button on Arduino IDE to upload code to Arduino
See the pump's state

Code Explanation

Read the line-by-line explanation in comment lines of code!

See more Arduino - if button pressed, turn pump on in 10 seconds

Video Tutorial

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Challenge Yourself

Make an automatic irrigation system using Arduino, soil moisture sensor, and pump
Make an automatic water refilling system using Arduino, water level sensor, and pump

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