Arduino Fire Alarm

In this tutorial, we are going to learn how to make a fire alarm system that detects the fire and make alarm via siren and light.

Hardware Required

1	×	Arduino UNO or Genuino UNO
1	×	USB 2.0 cable type A/B
1	×	Smoke Sensor (MQ2 Gas Sensor)
1	×	Flame Sensor
1	×	Relay
1	×	12V Fire Alarm Siren Horn
1	×	(Alternative) 12V Active Buzzer
1	×	12V Power Adapter
1	×	DC Power Jack
1	×	Jumper Wires
1	×	(Optional) 9V Power Adapter for Arduino
1	×	(Recommended) Screw Terminal Block Shield for Arduino Uno
1	×	(Optional) Transparent Acrylic Enclosure For Arduino Uno

Or you can buy the following sensor kits:

1	×	DIYables Sensor Kit (30 sensors/displays)
1	×	DIYables Sensor Kit (18 sensors/displays)

Please note: These are Amazon affiliate links. If you buy the components through these links, We will get a commission at no extra cost to you. We appreciate it.

About Fire Alarm System

The fire alarm system includes two parts:

The fire detection: can use the smoke sensor (MQ2 gas sensor) and/or flame sensor
The alarm: can be a siren (including light and sound), or buzzer (sound only)

In the fire detection, you can use one of two sensors. However, to increase the reliability, we recommend to use both the smoke sensor and flame sensor. If you use one sensor, the system may not detect the fire in some location in your momitoring area.

If you do not know about mq2 gas sensor and flame sensor (pinout, how it works, how to program ...), learn about them in the following tutorials:

Arduino - MQ2 Gas Sensor tutorial
Arduino - Flame Sensor tutorial

How Fire Alarm System Works

Arduino reads the states from the smoke sensor and flame sensor, if either smoke or flame is detected, Arduino activate the relay to trigger an alarm.

Wiring Diagram

Wiring diagram with a siren

This image is created using Fritzing. Click to enlarge image

Wiring diagram with a 12V buzzer

This image is created using Fritzing. Click to enlarge image

Arduino Code

/* * Created by ArduinoGetStarted.com * * This example code is in the public domain * * Tutorial page: https://arduinogetstarted.com/tutorials/arduino-fire-alarm */ #define FLAME_PIN 7 // Arduino's pin connected to DO pin of the flame sensor #define SMOKE_PIN 13 // Arduino's pin connected to DO pin of the smoke MQ2 sensor #define RELAY_PIN 2 // Arduino's pin connected to relay void setup() { // initialize serial communication Serial.begin(9600); // initialize the Arduino's pin pinMode(FLAME_PIN, INPUT); pinMode(SMOKE_PIN, INPUT); pinMode(RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT); } void loop() { int flame_state = digitalRead(FLAME_PIN); int smoke_state = digitalRead(SMOKE_PIN); if (flame_state == LOW) { Serial.println("Fire is detected based on the flame sensor => alarming"); digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, HIGH); } else if (smoke_state == LOW) { Serial.println("Fire is detected based on the smoke sensor => alarming"); digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, HIGH); } else { Serial.println("No fire detected => great!"); digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, LOW); } }

Quick Steps

Copy the above code and open with Arduino IDE
Click Upload button on Arduino IDE to upload code to Arduino
Open Serial Monitor on Arduino IDE
Upload the code to Arduino
Create some smoke around the smoke sensor
Create a flame in front of the flame sensor
Listen to sound alarm from the sire or buzzer
See the result on Serial Monitor.

COM6

Send

No fire detected => great! No fire detected => great! No fire detected => great! Fire is detected based on the smoke sensor => alarming Fire is detected based on the smoke sensor => alarming Fire is detected based on the smoke sensor => alarming Fire is detected based on the smoke sensor => alarming No fire detected => great! No fire detected => great! No fire detected => great! Fire is detected based on the flame sensor => alarming Fire is detected based on the flame sensor => alarming Fire is detected based on the flame sensor => alarming

Autoscroll Show timestamp

Clear output

9600 baud

Newline

Code Explanation

Read the line-by-line explanation in the comment lines of the source code!

Video Tutorial

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