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Arduino - DHT11
In this tutorial, we are going to learn:
- How to connect DHT11 sensor to Arduino
- How to connect DHT11 module to Arduino
- How to program Arduino to read temperature and humidity value from DHT11 sensor and module
Hardware Required
Or you can buy the following sensor kits:
| 1 | × | DIYables Sensor Kit (30 sensors/displays) | |
| 1 | × | DIYables Sensor Kit (18 sensors/displays) |
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About DHT11 Temperature and Humidity Sensor
| DHT11 | |
|---|---|
| Operating Voltage | 3 to 5V |
| Temperature Range | 0°C to 50°C |
| Temperature Accuracy | ± 2°C |
| Humidity Range | 20% to 80% |
| Humidity Accuracy | 5% |
| Reading Rate | 1Hz (once every second) |
Pinout
DHT11 has two forms: sensor and module.
DHT11 sensor has four pins:
- GND pin: needs to be connected to GND (0V)
- VCC pin: needs to be connected to VCC (5V, or 3.3V)
- DATA pin: the pin is used to communicate between the sensor and Arduino
- NC pin: Not connected, we can ignore this pin
DHT11 module has three pins:
- GND pin: needs to be connected to GND (0V)
- VCC pin: needs to be connected to VCC (5V, or 3.3V)
- DATA pin: the pin is used to communicate between the sensor and Arduino
Some manufacturers provide DHT11 sensor in module form with three pins: GND, VCC and DATA pins (or alternatively: -, +, and OUT pins).
Wiring Diagram
In sensor form, A resistor from 5K to 10K Ohms is required to keep the data line high and in order to enable the communication between the DHT11 sensor and the Arduino
Arduino - DHT11 Sensor Wiring
This image is created using Fritzing. Click to enlarge image
Arduino - DHT11 Module Wiring
Most of DHT11 sensor modules have a built-in resistor, so you don't need to add it. it saves us some wiring or soldering works.
This image is created using Fritzing. Click to enlarge image
How To Program For DHT11 Temperature Sensor
Programming for both sensors is similar. There is only one line of code different.
- Include the library:
#include "DHT.h"
- Define the Arduino pin connected to DHT sensor:
#define DHT11_PIN 2
- Declare DHT11 object
DHT dht11(DHT11_PIN, DHT11);
- Initialize the sensor:
dht11.begin();
- Read humidity:
float humi = dht11.readHumidity();
- Read temperature in Celsius:
float tempC = dht11.readTemperature();
- Read temperature in Fahrenheit:
float tempF = dht11.readTemperature(true);
Arduino Code - DHT11
/*
* Created by ArduinoGetStarted.com
*
* This example code is in the public domain
*
* Tutorial page: https://arduinogetstarted.com/tutorials/arduino-dht11
*/
#include "DHT.h"
#define DHT11_PIN 2
DHT dht11(DHT11_PIN, DHT11);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
dht11.begin(); // initialize the sensor
}
void loop() {
// wait a few seconds between measurements.
delay(2000);
// read humidity
float humi = dht11.readHumidity();
// read temperature as Celsius
float tempC = dht11.readTemperature();
// read temperature as Fahrenheit
float tempF = dht11.readTemperature(true);
// check if any reads failed
if (isnan(humi) || isnan(tempC) || isnan(tempF)) {
Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT11 sensor!");
} else {
Serial.print("DHT11# Humidity: ");
Serial.print(humi);
Serial.print("%");
Serial.print(" | ");
Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.print(tempC);
Serial.print("°C ~ ");
Serial.print(tempF);
Serial.println("°F");
}
}
Quick Steps
- Connect Arduino to PC via USB cable
- Open Arduino IDE, select the right board and port
- Navigate to the Libraries icon on the left bar of the Arduino IDE.
- Search “DHT”, then find the DHT sensor library by Adafruit
- Click Install button to install the library.
- You will be asked for intalling some other library dependencies
- Click Install All button to install all library dependencies.
- Copy the above code corresponding to the sensor you have and open with Arduino IDE
- Click Upload button on Arduino IDE to upload code to Arduino
- Make enviroment around sensor hotter or colder
- See the result on Serial Monitor.
COM6
DHT11# Humidity: 31.00% | Temperature: 27.00°C ~ 80.60°F
DHT11# Humidity: 31.00% | Temperature: 27.00°C ~ 80.60°F
DHT11# Humidity: 31.00% | Temperature: 27.00°C ~ 80.60°F
DHT11# Humidity: 31.00% | Temperature: 27.00°C ~ 80.60°F
DHT11# Humidity: 31.00% | Temperature: 28.00°C ~ 82.40°F
DHT11# Humidity: 31.00% | Temperature: 28.00°C ~ 82.40°F
DHT11# Humidity: 31.00% | Temperature: 28.00°C ~ 82.40°F
DHT11# Humidity: 31.00% | Temperature: 28.00°C ~ 82.40°F
DHT11# Humidity: 32.00% | Temperature: 28.00°C ~ 82.40°F
DHT11# Humidity: 31.00% | Temperature: 29.00°C ~ 84.20°F
DHT11# Humidity: 32.00% | Temperature: 29.00°C ~ 84.20°F
DHT11# Humidity: 31.00% | Temperature: 29.00°C ~ 84.20°F
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9600 baud
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